After the Romans pulled out of Britain in the fifth century AD, the area around Preston lost its strategic importance. Once on a major Roman road intersection, the area was relatively isolated from the developing Anglo Saxon kingdoms...
There is some controversy over whether the Anglo Saxons actually invaded or settled more gradually. It is thought that, in the North, the process was more gradual, with Saxon settlements infilling the existing settlement. Some local place names indicate an Anglo Saxon origin.
The layout of Fishergate on an east to west alignment, with Friargate at right angles, indicates an Anglian origin. Villages such as Kirkham still retain this layout.Anglo Saxon administration for tax gathering was based one estates, or hundreds, and Preston was located at a junction of three hundreds. Preston is in Amounderness Hundred, while Walton is in Blackburn Hundred. Penwortham is in Leyland Hundred. This brings us to the third of our groups, the Norsemen or Vikings.
Norse settlement was concentrated in the low lying marshy areas of the Fylde, closer to the coast. This is likely because the Vikings came from previously settled areas in Ireland and the west coast of Scotland. The coastal area around Preston was sparsely populated, as late as the Middle Ages, and Norse settlements seem to be parallel rather than superimposed on the Anglo Saxon settlements. Probable Norse settlements are found mostly in Kirkham and Poulton-le-Fylde.
Just prior to the Norman invasion, Amounderness and consequently Preston was ruled by Earl Tostig of Northumbria. He was killed in 1066 at the battle of Stamford Bridge. Later William the Conqueror granted the lands around Preston to Roger De Poitou. Roger De Poitou had large land holdings in France and England, and became first Lord of Bowland in around 1090. He also controlled the area to the north of Preston and appears in a stained glass window at Lancaster Priory.
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