New research suggests a surprising connection between the eyes and the mind.
Instead of the soul, the eyes may actually serve as a window into the mind: A connection may exist between pupil size and certain types of intelligence.
Fluid intelligence, meanwhile, isn’t related to culture or learning. It is defined as one’s ability to acquire information from their surroundings on a basic level — how to process it and solve novel problems. This sort of intelligence is largely associated with multitasking and working memory. “People differ greatly in their ability to maintain attention,” says Randall Engle, a psychologist with the Georgia Institute of Technology who has studied working memory for four decades. “The ability to manage all of that turns out to be hugely important.”Most people think that pupil size simply relates to the body’s response to light. This is true, to a degree. When someone shines a flashlight into your eyes, your pupils will constrict or shrink.
Pupil dilation via the sympathetic system is also related to a highly curious phenomenon: Some people’s pupils tend to dilate when presented with a difficult mathematical problem. “We’ve known that for a long time,” Engle says.In his laboratory, Engle typically measures subjects’ baseline pupil size and presents them with several days of problems.Raven’s Progressive MatricesThere’s also the anti-Saccades test, in which people are presented with a cross with a blinking light in one corner.
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