India’s Prime Minister Narendra Modi is attempting to breathe new life into long-standing plans to allocate a third of all federal and state level lawmaking seats for women.
Modi may be the premier finally able to pull it off. This week his government tweaked and tabled a bill that multiple administrations have tried and failed to push through parliament since the mid-1990s. Here’s why it’s a keystone piece of legislation for his party.The Women’s Reservation Bill will ensure female representation in India’s lower house of the parliament and all state legislatures.
The aim is to balance the heavily skewed gender imbalance within the country’s political system. In 2022, only 15% of the seats in the parliament were held by women, the lowest among the Group of 20 leading economies.
Nonetheless, the fact that Modi’s Bharatiya Janata Party has sought to table and pass the bill will likely boost its appeal to women voters, who cast more ballots than men in the 2019 national elections, which the BJP swept. About 46% of women voted for the BJP-led alliance compared with 44% of men, according to exit surveys.
Women’s participation in India’s formal and informal workforce is abysmally low, except in agriculture and poor-quality domestic jobs, which tend to be exploitative. At the very least, an increase in female political participation may ensure a conversation on gender-based policies at the highest level in India’s largely conservative society.The main opposition Congress party has extended its support for the bill, even though it has raised concerns regarding the timeline over its enforcement.
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