She fled the Nazis, only to face a new challenge: being accepted in academia. Via BBCNews HildaGeiringer
, explains, by the time Geiringer was trying to immigrate, the quota for that year had already been met.
US immigration law had a small non-quota loophole – a provision called Section 4-D. “This is the one that is relevant when you’re talking about scientists and scholars,” Leff says. “It was basically for people [who] were getting jobs at American universities; they could immigrate on a non-quota visa.” For the entirety of the war, Leff says, only 900 people were granted non-quota visas.
Together with Einstein and Veblen, he reached out to women’s colleges Bryn Mawr and Smith College, hoping to secure Geiringer a job – and with it a visa. Geiringer even suggested that they marry to hurry the immigration process. On days when von Mises didn’t receive any word from Geiringer, he vented his panic, at one point writing, “worn out and almost desperate”.
When Geiringer was looking for positions during World War Two, applied mathematics was in demand in the United States. “The growth of applied mathematics in the US has to do with war-related research,” says Alma Steingart, historian of applied mathematics at Columbia University in New York. “A lot of it comes from the fact that this is war preparation and there’s mobilisation on many fronts.”
One response to her inquiries for employment at Tufts College near Boston left little room for speculation about why she couldn’t find a job: “...it is not merely prejudice against women, yet it is partly that, for we do not want to bring in more if we can get men”.
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