T-cell immunity remains effective against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants Cell Coronavirus Disease COVID Immunity Omicron TCell biorxivpreprint BioNTech_Group goetheuni TelAvivUni DZIF_ HITRONMainz
By Nidhi Saha, BDSDec 21 2022Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. In a recent study posted to the bioRxiv* preprint server, researchers report that sublineages of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Omicron variant effectively escape B-cell immune responses by modifying neutralizing antibody epitopes.
The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant has evolved into multiple sublineages, the earliest of which included BA.1, BA.2, BA.4, and BA.5. More recently, additional Omicron sublineages including BA.4.6, BF.7, BA.2.75, BA.2.75.2, BQ.1.1, and XBB have been identified and are currently emerging as dominant circulating strains to replace the previously dominant BA.5.
Furthermore, triple-vaccinated individuals who experienced breakthrough infections with Omicron sublineages were included in the study. Fourteen of these individuals were infected with BA.1, 19 were infected with BA.2, and 17 were infected with BA.4/BA.5. A history of breakthrough infection with BA.2 in vaccinated individuals led to greater cross-neutralization against BA.4/BA.5 and BA.4.6/BF.7 compared to triple-vaccinated individuals. This neutralization was even more significant after breakthrough infection with BA.4/BA.5, even when quadruple-vaccine recipients were considered.
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