Swimming habits of gelatinous animals could inspire underwater vehicle design PNASNews
related to jellyfish, swims via jet propulsion. A dozen or more squishy structures on its body pump water backwards to push the animal forward. And it can control these jets individually, either syncing them up or pulsing them in sequence., depending on its current needs, a team of University of Oregon researchers found. The discovery could inform underwater vehicle design, helping scientists to build more robust vehicles that can perform well under a variety of conditions.
Nanomia shares the gelatinous, ethereal form of its jellyfish relatives. But it's a little more structurally complicated: Each one is technically a colony of individuals. For instance, each of Nanomia's jets is produced by an individual unit called a nectophore. The nectophores are clustered on a stalk-like structure at the front of the animal. Meanwhile, wispy tentacles trail behind, carrying structures specialized for feeding, reproduction, and protection.
Synchronous pulsing sends Nanomia forward very quickly—perfect for an expeditious escape from a predator. Asynchronous pulsing moves the animal a little more slowly, but more steadily, and the researchers' modeling experiments suggested that it's a more energy-efficient way to swim. So with Nanomia sometimes traveling hundreds of meters per day, asynchronous pumping might be better suited for everyday use.
"It gives a framework for developing a robot that has a range of capabilities," Du Clos said. For instance, an underwater vehicle could have multiple propulsors, and simple changes in propulsion timing could allow that one vehicle to move either quickly or efficiently as the need arises.
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