Some Elements Arrived on Earth by Surfing Supernova Shock Waves - by spacewriter
To understand how stuff from distant conflagrations ended up on Earth, it’s worth taking a quick look at those events. First, there are the Type II supernovae. They occur when a supermassive star dies. That’s one at least eight times the mass of the Sun. These stars fuse heavier and heavier elements in their cores. When they get to creating iron, they don’t have enough energy to keep up the production line.
Next, there are Type Ia supernovae. These happen in a binary pair of stars. Material from a main-sequence star accretes onto its partner, a white dwarf. When too much material accumulates, there’s an explosion. That results in the “nucleosynthesis” of heavier elements, including manganese. Artist’s conception of a neutron star merger. This process also creates heavy elements. Credit: Tohoku University
The rocks Kobayashi refers to came from the underwater exploration of Earth’s oceans, according to study leader Benjamin Wehmeyer. They created computer models showing that nearly continuous supernova shock waves could be a viable transporter mechanism to deliver these elements to Earth . “Our colleagues have dug up rock samples from the ocean floor, dissolved them, put them in an accelerator, and examined the changes in their composition layer by layer,” he said.
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