Marks on a fossilized half\u002Dshinbone found in 1970 in northern Kenya appear to be the oldest evidence of one hominin butchering another.
Around 1.5 million years ago, at least three species of hominin existed in the region where the fossil was found: Homo erectus, Homo habilis and Paranthropus boisei. Pobiner said that to determine the species in question, experts would need more of the skeleton than the single bone.
“This behaviour connects us to our animal nature and reminds us that we are just one among millions of living beings that have existed throughout evolution,” said Antonio Rodríguez-Hidalgo, a postdoctoral researcher at the Catalan Institute of Human Paleontology and Social Evolution who did not participate in the study, but who took part in a recent workshop on human cannibalism in prehistory entitled “Feast or Famine.
The bone was just one of 199 hominin fossils, all between 1.5 and 2 million years old, that Pobiner examined in July 2017, but it was the only one on which she found cut marks. The marks were the same color as the rest of the bone, indicating that they were made before the bone became fossilized, she said.
Pante determined that 9 of the 11 were cut marks; the other two, tooth marks, were probably made by a lion-like animal. “It seems a bit unusual for a large feline like a lion to scavenge the remains of a [hominin] that has already had its deeper muscles exploited,” Rodríguez-Hidalgo said. “What would be left for the cats to scavenge? Only the marrow, but large cats are not known for their bone-cracking abilities, and the tibia appears to be intact. So, this scenario doesn’t seem very plausible.”
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