The data suggest human activities are more to blame for the increase than climate change.
“Fire has a big impact on the forest structure,” says Thiet Nguyen, a forest ecologist and PhD student at the University of Melbourne in Australia. “There’s a very high level of biodiversity in that forest.”
When trees are exposed to non-lethal fires, their bark chars, leaving behind a burn scar within the tree rings. The team dated the earliest definite fire scar to 1772. Between then and 1905, only 17% of years contained clear fire scars, although Nguyen admits that the farther they went back in time, the smaller was the available number of samples, reducing their confidence in the findings. After 1905, they had good clear tree rings to work with.
But after 1963, according to population estimates for the nearby city, Da Lat, an increasing number of people came to live in the area. Humans use fire to clear land for agriculture, Nguyen says, and fire probably spreads to the national park — established in 2004 — from nearby areas. People also start fires in the park. From 1964, the authors found that the signal from humans overwhelmed climate as the driving force behind the fires.
Understanding historical and modern fire occurrence is crucial because it gives researchers a baseline to work from, helping forest managers to prepare for climate change, Buckley says. Although fire can be beneficial to a coniferous forest, the rainforest is a totally different ecosystem and can be destroyed by fire, he says.
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