A research team involving the Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) has discovered a quantum state where water remains liquid even at extremely low temperatures. The team, consisting of experts from the Institute of Solid State Physics at the University of Tokyo in Japan, Johns Hopkins Univers
A research team involving the has discovered a quantum state where water remains liquid even at extremely low temperatures.
In principle, magnets can also be regarded as quantum materials; after all, magnetism is based on the intrinsic spin of the electrons in the material. “In some ways, these spins can behave like a liquid,” explains Prof. Jochen Wosnitza from the Dresden High Field Magnetic Laboratory at HZDR. “As temperatures drop, these disordered spins can then freeze, much like water freezes into ice.
“The prerequisite, however, was to have crystals of extreme purity and quality,” Prof. Satoru Nakatsuji of the University of Tokyo explains. It took several attempts, but eventually, the team was able to produce crystals pure enough for their experiment: In a cryostat, a kind of super thermos flask, the experts gradually cooled their sample down to 20 millikelvin – just one-fiftieth of a degree above absolute zero.
This basic research result could also have practical implications one day: “At some point, we might be able to use the new quantum state to develop highly sensitive quantum sensors,” Jochen Wosnitza speculates. “To do this, however, we still have to figure out how to generate excitations in this state systematically.” Quantum sensing is considered a promising technology of the future.
Reference: “Spin–orbital liquid state and liquid–gas metamagnetic transition on a pyrochlore lattice” by Nan Tang, Yulia Gritsenko, Kenta Kimura, Subhro Bhattacharjee, Akito Sakai, Mingxuan Fu, Hikaru Takeda, Huiyuan Man, Kento Sugawara, Yosuke Matsumoto, Yasuyuki Shimura, Jiajia Wen, Collin Broholm, Hiroshi Sawa, Masashi Takigawa, Toshiro Sakakibara, Sergei Zherlitsyn, Joachim Wosnitza, Roderich Moessner and Satoru Nakatsuji, 1 December...
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