Animals and plants living in cities are more likely to thrive when they are able to quickly adapt to urban conditions.
It’s five o'clock on a summer morning in Winnipeg. Our research team is unloading a series of small traps from the trunk of our car, which is parked on a residential road. Using a stick, we slather peanut butter from a huge jar into each trap as bait and quietly sneak into the yards we’ve been given permission to enter, placing the traps in suitable locations.
Yet these cities are challenging places for wildlife and plants. Cities are hot, noisy and polluted. The numerous buildings, cars, pets and, of course, people going about their business pose many dangers to the species that increasingly share our living quarters. For example, mountain chickadees that nest in cities are bolder than their rural counterparts in Kamloops, B.C. Urban coyotes avoid humans by being more active at night in Edmonton. And rosy-faced lovebirds use air-conditioning vents to cool off on hot days in Phoenix, Ariz.
The Global Urban Evolution project underscores the important role of cities as testbeds to advance our understanding of the natural world, and evolutionary ecology in particular. If urban species are evolving, and seemingly before our very eyes, that means biodiversity conservation and management goals are moving targets. Understanding how species are changing over time can help us to better plan and manage for greener, more biodiverse cities. This, in turn, has important implications for the well-being of the 55 per cent of the world’s human population who call an urban area home.
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