From the Archives: Millions of Americans gained freedom from slavery in a slow-moving wave of emancipation during the Civil War and in the months afterward. To recognize Juneteenth, here are three of those stories.
Many ran across Union lines and emancipated themselves, flooding into hastily constructed “contraband” camps. Some brought family members and wagonloads of belongings, others were forced to choose between freedom and their children. For some, the Union line and its liberation came to them.
Then the Civil War broke out. Their enslaver enlisted in the Confederate army and left. And though Virginia seceded from the Union, a U.S. military installation in the southeastern corner of the commonwealth never fell to Confederate forces. And it was only seven miles from them.Within days, enslaved people began to arrive at the installation seeking freedom. Soon the man in charge, Brig. Gen.
Worse, in August of 1862, as Gen. George McClellan’s army retreated from the failed Peninsula campaign, the dejected soldiers ransacked the store. They loaded the entire contents of its shelves into their wagons and took off, leaving the Whitehursts penniless. Although her husband was gone, Bogan stayed with the regiment for the rest of the war. Confederates so often raided the “contraband” camps that she was probably safer with the soldiers, Taylor noted. Eventually they were sent to Texas, where they helped enforce emancipation, contributing to the celebration that became known as Juneteenth.
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