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The tiny roundworm C.elegans is the focus of a new study examining 3’UTRs. These short segments of RNA play a critical role in the regulation of genes. The resulting map, the product of 20 years of research, is the most complete dataset of its kind for any animal, and will help advance basic understanding of mechanisms of gene regulation critical in human health and disease. Credit: Graphic by Jason Dreeshave made a major breakthrough in understanding gene regulation in living organisms.
Marco Mangone is a researcher in the Biodesign Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics and a professor in the School of Life Sciences at ASU. Credit: The Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University 3’UTRs are sections of RNA located at the end of a messenger RNA molecule. They help to govern how and when proteins are made by controlling the stability and efficiency of the mRNA. This regulation allows for dynamic responses to environmental changes and enables control over protein production, which is essential for adapting to various physiological needs.Initially, noncoding RNAs like 3’UTRs were regarded as nonessential genetic fragments because they themselves do not code for proteins.
These characteristics make C. elegans a powerful tool for uncovering fundamental mechanisms of biology that are often conserved acrossThe study found that the process of switching between different 3’UTRs is less common in C. elegans than previously thought. This challenges earlier beliefs and highlights the complexity of gene regulation. Using the new data, scientists updated predictions for how microRNAs interact with genes.
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