The researchers say that their method could enable the development of future sustainable, multifunctional green energy technologies.
Though plants can serve as a source of food, oxygen and décor, they’re not often considered to be a good source of electricity. But by collecting electrons naturally transported within plant cells, scientists can generate electricity as part of a “green,” biological solar cell.
During this process, light drives a flow of electrons from water that ultimately results in the generation of oxygen and sugar. This means that living photosynthetic cells are constantly producing a flow of electrons that can be pulled away as a “photocurrent” and used to power an external circuit, just like a solar cell.
Though these numbers are less than that of a traditional alkaline battery, they are representative of just a single leaf. Previous studies on similar organic devices suggest that connecting multiple leaves in series could increase the voltage.
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Gaseous nitric oxide tumor ablation induces an anti-tumor abscopal effect - Cancer Cell InternationalBackground In-situ tumor ablation provides the immune system with the appropriate antigens to induce anti-tumor immunity. Here, we present an innovative technique for generating anti-tumor immunity by delivering exogenous ultra-high concentration (| 10,000 ppm) gaseous nitric oxide (UHCgNO) intratumorally. Methods The capability of UHCgNO to induce apoptosis was tested in vitro in mouse colon (CT26), breast (4T1) and Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC-1) cancer cell lines. In vivo, UHCgNO was studied by treating CT26 tumor-bearing mice in-situ and assessing the immune response using a Challenge assay. Results Exposing CT26, 4T1 and LLC-1 cell lines to UHCgNO for 10 s–2.5 min induced cellular apoptosis 24 h after exposure. Treating CT26 tumors in-situ with UHCgNO followed by surgical resection 14 days later resulted in a significant secondary anti-tumor effect in vivo. 100% of tumor-bearing mice treated with 50,000 ppm UHCgNO and 64% of mice treated with 20,000 ppm UHCgNO rejected a second tumor inoculation, compared to 0% in the naive control for 70 days. Additionally, more dendrocytes infiltrated the tumor 14 days post UHCgNO treatment versus the nitrogen control. Moreover, T-cell penetration into the primary tumor was observed in a dose-dependent manner. Systemic increases in T- and B-cells were seen in UHCgNO-treated mice compared to nitrogen control. Furthermore, polymorphonuclear-myeloid-derived suppressor cells were downregulated in the spleen in the UHCgNO-treated groups. Conclusions Taken together, our data demonstrate that UHCgNO followed by the surgical removal of the primary tumor 14 days later induces a strong and potent anti-tumor response.
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First cell-type specific multiomic study of the HIV brainFirst cell-type specific multiomic study of the HIV brain Brain Neurology Genome HIV multiomics IcahnMountSinai UNC
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Solar farm approved near Boston to power 4,500 homesThe panels will be removed after 40 years
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Nottinghamshire solar farm plans rejected over countryside impactThe plans said the solar farm would have been capable of powering 2,200 homes.
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