Ice sheets amplify clues from Iceland’s hidden volcanoes
Researchers rely on the rumble of magma moving underground to predict impending volcanic eruptions. But standard seismic tools provide only a rough picture of what's happening beneath Iceland's ice-covered volcanoes. ETH Zurich seismologist Andreas Fichtner and his colleagues recently showed how the same ice sheets that hide these volcanoes can amplify otherwise undetectable seismic signals.
Upon analysis, the researchers found they had detected nearly 2,000 earthquakes in less than one month—compared with 18 recorded by Iceland's national seismic network, according to study co-author Kristín Jónsdóttir of the Icelandic Meteorological Office. And they also logged a strange, rhythmic vibration from the ice floating atop a lake in the volcano's large central depression, known as the caldera.
“The ice sheet's natural resonance acts as a magnifying glass,” Fichtner says—boosting the otherwise unobservable tremors to a detectable level. “To the best of our knowledge, this is a phenomenon that has not been observed before.” The work was published in The Seismic Record.
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