Several recent studies point to a small, long-overlooked structure in the brain stem as a crucial gatekeeper for the body’s signals.
Imagine you are playing the guitar. You’re seated, supporting the instrument’s weight across your lap. One hand strums; the other presses strings against the guitar’s neck to play chords. Your vision tracks sheet music on a page, and your hearing lets you listen to the sound. In addition, two other senses make playing this instrument possible. One of them, touch, tells you about your interactions with the guitar.
To understand what’s new, we should review a few basics of how somatosensation works. Whenever we move or touch something, specialized cells within our skin and muscles respond. Their electrochemical signals travel along nerve fibers to the spinal cord and brain. The brain uses these messages to track body posture and movement and the location, timing and force with which we interact with objects.
But the connection between CN and cortex is not a one-way street. In addition to sensory nerves going up, there are pathways from sensory and motor areas of the cerebral cortex going down to the cuneate nucleus. We wondered whether the CN contributes to some form of sensory filtering based on an animal’s planned voluntary movements.
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