Today is the International Day of Women and Girls in Science. Julia Robinson helped define the limits of mathematical understanding. WomeninScience
=n. Forty-two was the last two-digit number for which mathematicians didn’t know whether there was a solution, but infinitely more numbers await integer solutions, if they exist.
Although she did not have the stability or salary of an official faculty position, she published in mathematics journals, both individually and with collaborators, and presented her work at conferences, often bringing a bicycle along. She’d become an avid cyclist after her heart surgery, delighted by her ability to exercise after years of being perpetually short of breath.
Robinson first met Martin Davis, then an instructor at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, in 1950. “It started with our working on the same problem but from absolutely opposite directions,” says Davis, now age 91. Both researchers had been looking at Diophantine sets. Davis was starting generally, trying to show that all sets with a particular property called listability were Diophantine.
“It’s such a romantic thing — in the wider sense of the word romantic — that the four of us, such different people with different backgrounds, all together produced this piece of work,” Davis says. If Robinson were still alive on her 100th birthday this December, what problem would she be thinking about as she blew out her candles? The fact that there is no general algorithm for all Diophantine equations leaves many tantalizing questions open. For example, does an algorithm exist for Diophantine equations of a certain form, say, multivariable cubic equations?
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