How a Magnetic 'Tug-of-War' With Io's Volcanic Eruptions Creates Jupiter's Auroras

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How a Magnetic 'Tug-of-War' With Io's Volcanic Eruptions Creates Jupiter's Auroras
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Jupiter's auroras – the lights that dance around its poles – are the most distinct in our solar system and over a thousand times brighter than Earth's aurora. Now, a new study confirms that these otherworldly polar lights come from a unique so

and over a thousand times brighter than Earth's aurora. Now, a new study confirms that these otherworldly polar lights come from a unique source: space lava.'s moon Io is the most volcanically active world in the solar system. Its more than 400 active volcanoes regularly shoot lava dozens of miles high, where it falls into Jupiter's orbit and becomes plasma –"a soup of electrically charged material," astronomer James O'Donoghue told Insider.

"It has been a tense few years in our community trying to figure out what is going on," O'Donoghue said. Instead, it travels along Jupiter's magnetic field lines, back toward the planet's poles, cycling through Jupiter's upper atmosphere. Other planets orbiting other stars – many of them similar to Jupiter – could have their own auroras. Their magnetic fields could behave in similar ways to Jupiter's.Astronomers have observed auroras on seven planets in our own solar system. They seem to be common, but Jupiter's are exceptionally powerful, partially thanks to Io's volcanoes.

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