Researchers modeled the performance of hypothetical floating wind farms off the coast of southern Oregon and northern California
RICHLAND, Washington — A new report from Pacific Northwest National Laboratory shows that along a 200-mile stretch of ocean off the coast of southern Oregon and northern California, floating wind farms couldthe Pacific Northwest’s wind power capacity while offsetting potentially billions of dollars in costs for utilities, ratepayers, insurance companies, and others across the West who bear the cost of climate change’s effects.
One of the perks of offshore wind turbines — whether they’re attached to the ocean floor or floating on the surface — versus land-based is that wind over the ocean is less variable and more consistent, said Mark Severy, a research engineer at PNNL and coauthor on the report. Wind over land is generally more variable because it may be influenced by the complex relationship between the atmosphere and landscapes like mountains, valleys, flat plains, or forests.
To find out, the team modeled different transmission scenarios, two of which represent a future where offshore wind farms and new, powerful transmission lines add an additional 20 gigawatts worth of wind power to the western interconnection. Both scenarios include high-voltage direct current transmission lines to carry power, which would then be converted to alternating current once onshore .
In their investigation of the economic benefits of floating offshore wind, researchers looked at two different ways that the generated power could be delivered to shore. One was a radial structure, in which individual wind farms are each connected to shore where power is delivered.
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