In less than three years, researchers have published more than 200,000 studies about the coronavirus and covid-19. Still, the virus has kept many of its secrets. Here are some of the most pressing questions they are trying to answer:
. To date, incidents of animals infecting humans are rare. But some scientists fear that if the virus continues to spread to new species, it might pick up
not infection and transmission, especially after the arrival of the more transmissible delta and omicron variants.“They’ve been extremely effective, but they also have their shortcomings,” said Mark Siedner, an infectious-disease doctor at Massachusetts General Hospital. “Immunity wanes, and their ability to protect us against newer variants has been variable — in some cases quite strong, in other cases, not as good as we’d like.
commonly referred to as the spike protein. “But the problem with these variants is that this is the exact part of the virus that is changing the most,” Siedner said.two versions of it: one from the original strain identified in Wuhan; and another from the omicron variant. For the near-term, Siedner said, we may need to modify vaccines the way we do with influenza, by changing them each year.
“What are the drivers, and what are the causes?” said Gary Gibbons, director of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, part of the National Institutes of Health. “We see the phenomenon in terms of all these symptoms, but why? What’s generating them?” In December 2020, Congress approved spending more than $1.1 billion to study long-term effects and possible treatments for covid-19 and long covid. So far, the project has awarded $37 million to 40 research studies, but millions of sufferers say they have yet to find meaningful treatments.When deaths from covid-19 are charted by age they form a ladder. The younger the patient, the less risk of severe illness or death.
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