'Deep proteome' project provides atlas for human complexity Morgridge_Inst NatureBiotech
outlines a meta-scale approach to quantifying the human proteome and the massive number of protein variants produced by the human body. Proteomics is a cornerstone of biology and a precursor to understanding how protein dysfunction contributes to disease.
The project used six different human cell types and six proteases—enzymes that break down proteins into smaller fragments that serve as the raw material for detection in the experiment. The team then analyzed the peptides by employing different methods of mass spectrometry, the leading technology for identifying proteins.
"Data generated from this study represent the deepest proteomics map collected to date," Coon adds."These methods and resources lay the foundation for comprehensive mapping of protein diversity and are expected to catalyze future research efforts.", in which scientists can query any gene and examine the corresponding peptides and protein modifications that are associated with that gene.
Scientists have disagreed about how much alternative splicing contributes to protein diversity, primarily because the process is very hard to detect at the protein level. The Coon Lab project is the first to specifically target evidence of splicing events in the actual proteins. They found that most of the alternative splicing detected at the RNA stage of gene expression is also present in the proteins.
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