Some existing dams could be part of a more sustainable future when water from their reservoirs is used in irrigation for farming.
. They also cost more, have high levels of water evaporation, and cause ecological consequences.
“Amongst all supply and demand side options to increase food and water security, building more dams should be the last resort,” the researchersAdditionally, the authors emphasize that even if large reservoirs are built, they still would make up only a single part of the solution. They recommend serious evaluation of alternatives instead of building new dams.
According to the researchers, some alternative solutions for more environmentally sound water storage for irrigation are using small dams to harvest water, rechargingwith water from winter storms or snow melt in the spring, and better management of soil moisture on fields. The team highlights that better irrigation techniques or crops more aligned with water availability can reduce the demand for stored water.
“There is an urgent need to explore alternative water storage solutions, but we have to acknowledge that many dams are already in place,” said study lead author Rafael Schmitt, a research engineer with the Stanford Natural Capital Project,. “Our research illuminates their crucial role in ensuring food security in the future.”
Better water storage techniques using dam reservoirs would help build a more sustainable agricultural future. Farming practices in many parts of the world pollute and deplete water resources,
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