The NASA AD-1 was the only oblique-winged aircraft to ever fly. ✈️ engineering
Jones proposed the idea of sweeping wings rearward in order to delay the shock waves and compressibility as an aircraft neared the speed of sound, allowing aircraft to fly more efficiently at high subsonic speeds., combine the best of both worlds of swept and fixed wings during takeoff and cruise, and high-speed travel.
It was powered by two Microturbo TRS18-046 turbojet engines, each capable of producing around 0.98kN of thrust at sea level, and the AD-1 was capable of a top speed of around 200 mph but, for safety purposes, was limited to mph 170 mph . It also had a conventional rudder. The AD-1's ultimate inspiration began with Jones' work at NASA's Langley facility in the 1940s. Here he realized that as aircraft reached high speeds, around Mach 1.0, they became more unwieldy and inefficient. Faster airflows over the wing produces shockwaves that increase drag and, subsequently reduce lift.
The basic idea is that by moving the wingtips towards the tail, shockwaves could be delayed, allowing the aircraft to fly with greater efficiency. Jones showed his superiors his concept, but it was rejected for appearing to be too complicated to actualize — at least at that time. Ground and shake testing of the airframe prior to in-flight testing showed that the wings were 15% more robust than previously indicated in their designs.
This was not only interesting from an engineering point of view but also made history, as the first flight of an oblique-winged aircraft. All-in-all, the AD-1 would complete 79 flights between 1979 and 1982, with 17 different pilots, two of which were NASA test pilots Thomas C. McMurty and Peter Knight.
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