A study published in BMCMedicine finds that lower levels of histidine, and possibly glutamine, are associated with subsequent risk of colorectal cancer, even up to 10 years before a colorectal cancer diagnosis.
]. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry was used to quantify the levels of the amino acids in accordance with the kit manufacturer’s instructions. All 21 amino acids included were fully quantified in μmol/L. The amino acids quantified were arginine, glutamine, glycine, histidine, methionine, ornithine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, threonine, tryptophan, tyrosine, and valine ; and alanine, asparagine, aspartate, citrulline, glutamate, isoleucine, leucine, and lysine .
Analysis of plasma from around 118,000 participants of the UK Biobank was performed using nucleic magnetic resonance spectroscopy on the Nightingale metabolic biomarker platform , which comprises 249 metabolic measures, among which are concentrations of 9 amino acids. In brief, stored plasma samples prepared in 96-well plates were thawed, mixed gently, and centrifuged for 3 min at 3400 g to remove the precipitate.
Analyses were conducted either in the R open-source statistical programming language or STATA version 16.1 .A median follow-up of 14.4 years was observed for the 654 colorectal cancer cases and 654 controls in EPIC while, during a median follow-up of 10.7 years in the UK Biobank, 1221 incident cases of colorectal cancer occurred among the 111,323 participants with available amino acid measurements.
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