The mushroom body—the learning and memory region in the brains of arthropods—is responsible for the ability of insects to make abstract behavioral decisions, which are then carried out by downstream motor networks.
That is the result of a study conducted by Professor Dr. Martin Paul Nawrot and Dr. Cansu Arican from the"Computational Systems Neuroscience" working group at the University of Cologne's Institute of Zoology. The research was reported inunder the title"The mushroom body output encodes behavioral decision during sensory-motor transformation."
In invertebrate insects and mammals—and thus also humans—the necessary processes of the nervous system follow similar basic principles in many respects. This includes a rapid sensory processing of environmental conditions and their evaluation, a comparison with acquired experience and ultimately the physical execution of a behavioral sequence.of the insect, known as mushroom body due to its anatomical shape, is crucial for the formation of memory.
Insects determine whether a certain stimulus has previously been memorized as positive or as negative . Recent studies have also shown that the output neurons of the mushroom body also evaluate sensory stimuli that are relevant for innate behavior, i.e. behavior not based on experience.In this latest study, lead author Dr.
The research team observed that the mushroom body output neurons not only encode the valence of a particular odor, for example the odor of food compared to a neutral odor, they also form a decision on the execution of the respective feeding behavior based on this information.
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