Researchers have found that even modest amounts of desert dust can improve the health of the ocean’s microscopic, plant-like organisms. A new study reveals that land-based mineral dust plays a crucial role in fertilizing oceanic phytoplankton, which are essential to Earth's climate, carbon cycle,
NASA’s Terra satellite acquired this image of Saharan dust over the Bay of Biscay on April 8, 2011, using its Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer.
A new study reveals that land-based mineral dust plays a crucial role in fertilizing oceanic phytoplankton, which are essential to Earth’s climate, carbon cycle, and marine food web. Phytoplankton float near the ocean surface primarily subsisting on sunlight and mineral nutrients that well up from the depths or float out to sea in coastal runoff. But mineral-rich desert dust—borne by strong winds and deposited in the ocean—also plays an important role in the health and abundance of phytoplankton.
According to the new study, dust deposition onto the ocean supports about 4.5 percent of yearly global export production—a measure of how much of the carbon phytoplankton take up duringsinks into the deep ocean. However, this contribution approaches 20 percent to 40 percent in some ocean regions at middle and higher latitudes.
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