The Great Oxygenation Event, which happened 2.3 billion years ago, transformed Earth's atmosphere—making previously rare oxygen abundant.
A massive cyanobacteria bloom in Ukraine’s Dnieper River. Ancient cyanobacteria probably pumped oxygen into early Earth's atmosphere.Earth’s atmosphere wasn’t always like it is today. The oxygen that’s so vital to us wasn’t always there.may have had far more in commonThat all changed with a bang, sometime around 2.3 billion years ago.
With the arrival of oxygen, iron in rocks will turn into iron oxide, which we call rust. Other elements, such as molybdenum, rhenium, and sulfur, show changes too—though scientists aren’t always sure what drives those changes., an Earth scientist at Harvard University who was not involved with this research. “The further back in time we go, the less complete these records become.”
And in the years since then, these “whiffs” were embraced by the community. “They’re starting to be taught in introductory earth science classes, is what I’d say,” says Slotznick.In the past decade and a half, that same Mount McRae Shale drill core had been the subject of over half-a-dozen different papers. Many looked at shifts in other elements: selenium, for instance, or heavy metals like osmium and mercury.
“This certainly presents a formidable challenge to arguments for the ‘whiff’ of oxygen within the Mount McRae [Shale],” says Johnston, “and provides a terrific roadmap for how we test these hypotheses moving forward.”
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