A species of fork fern, Tmesipteris oblanceolata, that grows on a South Pacific island has the largest known genome of any plant or animal. The question is: Why?
Tmesipteris oblanceolata is an obscure species of fork fern found in New Caledonia, a French territory in the South Pacific. Just 4 to 6 inches tall, the humble plant is, in one particular way, the most remarkable living thing in the world. “You would walk over it. You might even tread on it without knowing it,” said Ilia Leitch, a plant evolutionary biologist and senior research leader at the U.K.’s Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. “But it houses within it this great secret.” Recently, T.
Half a century ago, scientists dismissed this noncoding stuff as “junk DNA,” a term now considered “a reflection of our own ignorance,” Leitch said. It’s not that it all does nothing, she said. We just don’t yet understand everything that it does. In recent years, researchers have found that manipulating or deleting some of these noncoding sequences affect gene expression.
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