The comprehensive collection of 21 studies attempts to map all the brain’s cell types, and offers hope of one day being able to trace brain diseases to their genetic roots.
With hundreds of billions of cells tangled together, mapping the whole brain is like trying to plot every star in the Milky Way.
With this expansive data set, the team trained deep-learning models to read long strings of genetic code and predict how noncoding sequence variants—hard-to-read chunks of DNA that don’t contain instructions for specific proteins—shape cell identity. Ren compares it to reading a book in a foreign language. “Initially, you know nothing,” Ren says. But using a dictionary built with machine-learning tools, “you can start at least making sense of words within that long string of characters.
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